The legacy of Ex prime minister of India Manmohan Singh to the country and the world

 


Dr. Manmohan Singh, India's 13th Prime Minister (2004–2014), has left a profound legacy both for India and the global community. His tenure as a statesman, economist, and reformer is marked by transformative policies that reshaped India's economy, governance, and international stature. Below is an overview of his legacy:


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## **1. Economic Liberalization Architect (1991 Reforms)**

As Finance Minister in 1991, Dr. Singh spearheaded the **economic liberalization program** that:

- Opened up the Indian economy to foreign investment.

- Reduced trade barriers and dismantled the License Raj.

- Stabilized India's economy during a balance of payments crisis.


This bold move transitioned India from a closed economy to one of the fastest-growing major economies globally, setting the foundation for India's current economic success.


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## **2. Transformational Leadership as Prime Minister**

### **A Decade of Growth (2004–2014)**

- **Economic Growth**: Under his leadership, India experienced an average GDP growth rate of ~7.7%, making it one of the fastest-growing economies.

- **Poverty Alleviation**: Programs like the **National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA)** uplifted millions of people out of poverty.

- **Infrastructure Development**: Massive investments in infrastructure, including roads, railways, and energy, helped modernize the country.


### **Focus on Inclusivity**

- Promoted welfare programs like the **Right to Education Act** and **Food Security Act**, aiming for inclusive growth.

- Strengthened rural healthcare and education initiatives.


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## **3. Global Diplomacy and Strategic Relations**

- **U.S.-India Civil Nuclear Deal (2008)**: Dr. Singh's landmark agreement with the U.S. ended India's nuclear isolation, enabling civilian nuclear energy development.

- **Strengthened Global Partnerships**: Enhanced relations with key nations like the U.S., Japan, and the European Union.

- **BRICS Leadership**: Played a critical role in positioning India as a leader in the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) grouping.


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## **4. Economic Reforms and Financial Sector Development**

- Introduced reforms in banking, insurance, and pension sectors.

- Facilitated the growth of **Information Technology (IT)** and services sectors, making India a global hub for outsourcing and technology.

- Ensured policy continuity that boosted foreign direct investment (FDI) and corporate growth.


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## **5. Champion of Environmental Sustainability**

- Advocated for **sustainable development** in global forums like the United Nations and G20.

- Pushed for renewable energy projects, including significant investments in solar and wind energy under the **Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission**.


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## **6. Advocate for Multilateralism**

- Supported global cooperation on trade, climate change, and economic stability.

- Played a vital role in G20 negotiations during the 2008 financial crisis, emphasizing the interests of emerging economies.


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## **7. Personal Integrity and Governance**

- Known for his humility, honesty, and integrity, Dr. Singh is remembered as a rare leader who prioritized national interests over politics.

- Though criticized for policy paralysis in his second term, his achievements far outweigh the challenges.


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## **Global Recognition**

- **Respected Economist**: Acknowledged worldwide for his expertise, particularly in managing crises.

- **Champion of Emerging Markets**: His policies inspired other developing nations to embrace liberalization and globalization.

- **Statesman**: Revered globally for his calm, rational approach to complex issues.


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